Polyploid Induction and Karyotype Analysis of Dendrobium officinale

Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is an orchid with both medicinal and edible values a high economic value. The wild resources of D. are in endangered state. Compared the officinale, cultivated exhibits inferior quality low content components. Polyploid induction conventional breeding tool for genome doubling species, which can effectively increase total amount plant components to improve efficacy officinale. In this study, tetraploids were generated by treating protocorms colchicine. Morphological observations showed that exhibited decreased size leaf shape index increased stem diameter. Cytological polyploid plants had larger stomata lower number per unit area compared normal plants. highest variation 30.00% was observed when treated 0.3% colchicine 24 h. Chromosomal treatment 0.2% 48 h resulted tetraploid rate 10.00%. A 10 successfully obtained inducing protoplasts diploid chromosomes 38 base 19, karyotype formula 2n = 2x 24m + 14sm asymmetry coefficient 60.59%, belonging type 2B. 76 4x 58m 18sm 60.04%, This study determined optimal mutagenesis based on chromosome observation results, investigated relationship between phenotype ploidy level, germplasm thereby laying foundation new cultivars enriched compounds